What Is Economic System - 4361 Words

Table of Content Table of Content 1 TASK 1 2 a) Explanation on economics system attempt to allocate resources effectively. 2 b) Assessment on the impact of fiscal and monetary policy on business organisation and their activities. 9 c) Explain Malaysian competition policy and other regulation that may impact company. 15 TASK 2 17 a) Explanation on how market structures determine pricing and output decision of business. 17 b) Illustration on the way in which market forces shape organisational responses. 20 c) Judgement on how business and cultural environments shape the behaviour of your organisation. 21 Conclusion 22 REFERENCES 23 TASK 1 a) Explanation on economics system attempt to allocate resources effectively. What is economic†¦show more content†¦(Economy Watch) Every economy has their own characteristic. For free market is there are many economic freedoms, there is competition among businesses, competition determines price which increase the quality of the product, economic decisions are made by the basic principles of supply and demand, and profit is the motive for increasing work rather than quotas. Mixed economy Mixed economy is combination from planned and free market economy. This economy system allows the private company use their capital. This economy system allows the government to interfere to the market. The resources are allocated from both the government and the private sector. In this system the freedom in the economic activities are influenced by the Government s regulation and licensing policies. The example of the country that implemented this economy system is Iceland, Sweden, France, and United Kingdom. There are several advantages and disadvantages of the mixed economy system. The advantages are most business and industry can be left to private firms. This is because private firms tend to be more efficient than government controlled firms because they have a profit incentive to cut costs and be innovative. Second is government can pursue policies to provide macro-economic stability. TheShow MoreRelatedWhat Are The Four Functions Of An Economic System1942 Words   |  8 PagesSimilarities and Differences PART ONE: Describe the four functions of an economic system. The four functions of an economic system is what to produce, how much to produce, how to produce, and to whom to distribute. What to produce is determined merely by the idea of consumer sovereignty, where in a market working economy, resources are distributed to satisfy most wants. This question is answered by government policy in a planned economic system. How much to produce is determined by consumer demand, where ifRead MoreThe essay is about the pros and cons of various economic systems and the governments influence within them. The title can be stated as: To what extent should the government regulate the economy ?1622 Words   |  7 Pagesworkers and any surplus would pay for programs and factories related to industrialization. He would put down a certain quota that the farmers needed to reach by a certain amount of time. However the farmers were not allowed to take grain away from what they were growing for the state until they met the quota. This led to a massive famine of 19 32-33 in the Ukraine in which millions died. At first the peasants resisted the idea of collective farms and so Stalin purged the land of any that opposed itRead MoreIntroduction A system is a network of parts which interlock to form an overall pattern. An economic1500 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction A system is a network of parts which interlock to form an overall pattern. An economic system is a pattern of organisation which is aimed at solving the three central questions discussed in the previous sections. Economic systems do not always work well, but they are often so vast and complicated that it is quiet marvellous that they work at all. Mohr Fourie.(2008. P42). Scarcity is the fundamental challenge confronting all individuals and nations. We cannot always get what we want thatRead MoreEconomics And Immigration : The Economics Of U.s. Immigration Policy964 Words   |  4 PagesEconomics and Immigration Immigration is a topic on everyone s minds these days. With presidential candidates vying for votes in debates and political campaigns, immigration has been talked about quite a bit. But what is truly known about immigration? Since it is such a divisive issue, it is hard to know what is true and what isn’t. Unfortunately, the information most readily available to us comes in the form of opinionated articles and biased speeches by presidential candidates. Because the informationRead MoreWhat Is Economic Freedom?1509 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is economic freedom? In fact, what freedom really means, at its core? In words of Wayne Dyer, â€Å"Freedom means you are unobstructed in living your life as you choose. Anything less is a form of slavery† and according to Franklin Delano Roosevelt â€Å"True individual freedom cannot exist without economic security and independence†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . Combine the sayings of these two great men and we get the true essence of what it re ally means to have economic freedom. In more technical terms, for an individual to haveRead MoreEquilibrium Price and Quantity, Economic Systems; Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand (Cped); Iv) Income Elasticity of Demand (Ieod);1468 Words   |  6 PagesEconomics Assignment 1 i) Equilibrium price and quantity; The Equilibrium price is set when the supply and demand meet when the quantity demanded by the customer (market demand) and the quantity that the companies (suppliers) are willing to supply the goods/services. For example if you take a look at this graph you can see that at the cross section, where the lines of supply and demand meet, the equilibrium point is shown. This is the â€Å"market clearing price† where supply equals demand. EquilibriumRead MoreCommunism, Capitalism, and Socialism Essay652 Words   |  3 PagesThree different types of economic systems used by governments are Communism, Capitalism, and Socialism. Each type of system is unique in different ways. Each has distinct aspects that make it what it is. In communism, the government runs everything and there are no social classes. The government in capitalism doesn’t interfere with any businesses and lets the citizens own and operate them. Socialism is basically a mixture of the two economic systems. The government runs certain businesses,Read MoreCapitalism: A Superior Economic System Essay example1632 Words   |  7 PagesCapitalism: A Superior Economic System People generally enjoy having money in their possession because it gives them a feeling of power and freedom. Having money gives people the freedom to spend it on what they choose and the power to make more if they wish. Working in order to make money provides people with a sense of independence and pride while learning responsibility. In a world where the majority of people like possessing money and having the opportunity to obtain more of it, the majorityRead MoreMixed Economy vs. Command Economy659 Words   |  3 PagesAn economic system defines how the various entities in an economy interact. People have defined an economic system variously to include government policies, which is very important especially in modern times. Ancient systems were pretty simple. Trade was done using systems like barter trade which was very straight forward. People only exchanged what they had for what they needed, or wanted. However, in modern monetary economies, the setting is quite intricate. Hug e established companies have a lotRead MoreThe Four Main Economic Systems and Their Application in South Africa1426 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction An economic system is a manner of approach which is used at solving the three main questions which are: What goods and services should be produced and the amount? How much of the scarce resource should be utilised and how will the goods and services will produced? For whom should the diverse goods and services be produced for and where will the production take place? Economic systems don’t always work accordingly but often so vast and complicated but on the contrast its working out just

Essay The Cultural Context of Language - 901 Words

Have you ever thought about the way in which we communicate with others? What meaning can you give a symbol, thought, word, or even a single gesture if it is unknown to you? The complexities of communicating with other cultures and people with different concepts of unknown views and symbols would be difficult to derive a meaning during the interaction. This paper will look at Zimbabwe’s cultural context defined by Edward T Hall’s context theories focusing on their main written and verbal languages in the country. Edward T Hall’s was an Anthologist that had three theories: High / Low Communication Context, Monochronic and Polychronic time, and Conception of Time and Proxemics. High / Low Communication Context looks at the levels in which†¦show more content†¦The need to have that close bond is evident in one’s ability to add the personal information missing from the sentence told. (the other dimension of time, 1983)(The silent language, 1990,1981,1 959)( The hidden dimension., 1992)( Beyond culture , 1976) The Zimbabwe culture is a high-context society that relies on their history, status, relationships, and religion, to assign meaning to an event. The Zimbabwe people use vast information networks between family, friends, and associates. Their relationships tend to be close, personal, and well informed about the people who are important in their lives, thus giving the cultures experiences and inferences meanings to an event. The context of communication in their culture is conveyed by experiences and expectations; from influences drawn from that culture a few words and gestures can communicate an elaborate message very effectively. (The other dimension of time, 1983) (The silent language, 1990,1981,1959)( The hidden dimension., 1992)( Beyond culture , 1976)(BBC, 2014)(CIA, 2014) (The Cultural Environment, 2014) Zimbabwe is made up of many trebled cultures, speaking a wide variety of indigenes languages. There are around sixte en languages reflecting the sixteen main tribes in Zimbabwe. The (tentative) official three languages of Zimbabwe; is English, Shona, and the Ndebele language. Their language focus is for their children to speak two otherShow MoreRelatedLanguage Between Language And Language1680 Words   |  7 PagesLanguage arose out of a need to communicate ideas and commands. Initially it was very basic, but in its current form language is very complex. It a adapted to the changing need of speakers. In this sense, language is a living entity which evolves in response to the changing cultural context in which it exists. Because language evolves in response to culture, the full quality of its meaning is derived from understanding the context in which it takes place. Educators must be aware of the socioculturalRead MoreAfrican American Vernacular English Language Essay1732 Words   |  7 Pagesand mostly bi-dialectical middle-class black Americans. The language is also commonly known as Black Ver nacular English or Black English. In some cases, particularly outside the academic community, it is referred to as Ebonics given its distinctive features and similarities with other non-standard English varieties. The similarities with other varieties are evident when compared to various standard and non-standard English languages that are commonly used in the United States and the CaribbeanRead MoreElizabeth Visits Gpc’s French Subsidiary Discussion Questions1266 Words   |  6 Pagesissues and evaluatesolutions. 2. What should Elizabeth know about â€Å"high-context† vs. â€Å"low-context† cultures in Europe? Explain. Countries in Europe do not share the same cultural context; France is more high-context thanGermany. As a result, Elizabeth should pay especially close attention to the cultural contextof the communication including: the medium, the source, the setting, proxemics, paralanguageand object language. 3. What should Elizabeth include in her report so that future executivesRead MoreLanguage Is A Multifaceted Phenomenon That Has Been Given1483 Words   |  6 PagesLanguage is a multifaceted phenomenon that has been given many definitions over time. It can be viewed cognitively, as simply a set of grammatical rules by which we ‘correctly’ speak and write. Language may also be viewed as a material object in the form of letters, books and audio recordings, or as a set of social conventions shared by a group (Gee Hayes, 2011). However, what all of these view points have in common is its purpose to communicate, interact and connect with the people and world aroundRead MorePersonal Narrative Indicates Ones Relationship to Language611 Words   |  3 PagesDate: Word Count: 583 words Personal Narrative Indicating Relationship to Language: The relationship between an individuals language i.e. any language is usually indicated by his/her character, personality, and culture. This is demonstrated in the fact that an author usually explains his/her relationship to language and literacy through his/her own experiences with a wider social and cultural framework. Generally, language is considered as a code since it comprises of words and chain of regulationsRead MoreDifference Between Speaking And Wring1033 Words   |  5 Pagesvaried from context and is reliant on context. When language is spoken, it is a form of behaviour made up of different dialects and morality. The context of which English is spoken or written has a dramatic influence, language is changed by different situations that a person is exposed to, Formal and informal, social events, professional events or cultural influences. Each context is made up of different surroundings and people in which are part of the communication. Different language can be usedRead MoreSocial And Cultural Factors Have A Significant Influence1680 Words   |  7 Pages Social and cultural factors have a significant influence on the way a child interprets and views language. Language is a form of behaviour, a series of cultural and social practices that should be seen as appropriate (or not appropriate) for a given context (Green 2006). We could describe language as a set of conventions or rules that have been developed over time to provide communication and speech between one another. Not only is language important to society but specifically to education andRead MoreOral Language Essay1258 Words   |  6 PagesLanguage as an object can mean many things but it is a physical thing, something you can see, e.g. social media, written, spoken, audio, text etc. Language as a social process is different than being an object. It is how individuals and groups interact, adjust/readjust the relationships and patterns of behaviour and how they are modified through social interactions, it is how we speak, formal vs informal, language in social context etc. Soc ial process is dynamic forever changing. Although languageRead MoreCultural Context It’s Impact on Promotions for Marketing Campaigns Strategies1077 Words   |  5 PagesCultural Context It’s Impact on Promotions for Marketing Campaigns Strategies It goes without saying, that the influence of cultural on marketing strategies and campaigns is significant. If a company does not or cannot understand fundamental aspects of culture in a market they are launching or operating a promotional campaign, there is the possibility that the objectives of the promotion may not be realized. Aspects of Culture The significance of cultural context on marketing campaignsRead MoreRole of a Translation as a Mediator Incultural Transformation1068 Words   |  5 PagesTranslation means an intense form of cultural and social act of understanding a context and conveying it to another language and culture. Studying on language theories, culture and translation and the relationship between these factors are valuable issues dueto the growing importance of human communication in the world. The variety of languages with different culturesand necessity of communications in human life caused translation to be a very effective factor in communication, exchange of cultures

Determination of Stable Economic

Question: Discuss about the Determination of Stable Economic Equilibrium. Answer: Introduction Equilibrium in macroeconomics is a situation where demand of all individual in the economy equates the aggregate supply. The aggregate demand in an economy is obtained by summing up all individual demand curves. The aggregate supply is obtained by summing up all the individual supplies. In the determination of individual demand curve, price and income are necessary factors put under consideration. Any change in the price level causes individual demand to fall. At every price level, the demand level is different. However, when we analyze the aggregate supply, we shall note that there is a difference between the responsiveness of supply to price changes in both the short and long run. There are factors behind each of these behaviors. This paper will also consider those factors. The main aim of this paper is to explain the reason as to why economists determined the stable economic equilibrium to be at the point where the aggregate demand intersects with aggregate supply in both the shor t and in the long run. The behavior of each of these curves have an important explanation in the determination of the equilibrium level. The AD curve is sloping negatively because demand have a negative relationship with the price level. At high prices, consumers cut their spending causing demand to fall. Similarly, when prices are low, consumers demand more goods and services. The aggregate supply curve in the short run slopes upward because supply has a positive relationship with the price level (Arnold, 2010). The willingness of suppliers to supply increase with price increment and falls when price is low. This however is only possible in the short run owing to the stickiness of wages and price (Gwartney, 2009). An explanation for this is that, newly employees are not legible for negotiating wage increments in the short run; others are employed under contracts which are fixed. When price increases therefore, the real wages for these employees is lower to the employing firms. Lower wages boosts supply as firms are able to hire more labour. In the long run, the responsiveness of supply to price is insignificant; the supply curve is vertically sloped. This represents the optimal economic output level (saylordotorg.github.io, 2017). This means that the resources in the economy have been fully employed. Fig: Macroeconomic equilibrium in the long run Source: analystnotes.com The curves determine the equilibrium point when analyzed together as shown above since the economy has to be operating at an optimal output level. This however does not limit the economys potential to produce output which is above the optimal level. Various factors may cause the aggregate demand to either fall below the equilibrium level or above it. If an economy is producing more than the potential output, it is noted that after sometime it will lose the ability to produce that much and will fall back to the potential level. This assumption argues for the need to include the SAS in determination for equilibrium. This is because production above potential means that aggregate demand is higher causing price to rise. According to Walstad, McConnell, Brue, 2008), since its the price of all goods that has gone up, the cost of inputs becomes higher discouraging production causing supply to fall and price to rise even further. A fall in supply shifting it to the left causes the disequili brium to be resolved. This is as shown in the diagram below. Fig: Recovery from an excess aggregate demand Source: Personal.psu.edu Initially the economy is at equilibrium where the LRAS, SRAs1 and AD1 intersect. When the economy is producing below potential, the aggregate demand shifts to the left of the LRAS. Deficiency in demand makes the price charged for goods and services to fall from price level A to B as shown in the diagram below. This includes even the price of inputs. When inputs are cheaper, suppliers are induced to produce more and supply curve shifts from SRAS1 to SRAS2 as shown by the arrow. The new supply is at price level C. the price is low than the initial equilibrium level. Fig: Recovery from production below potential output Source: Personal.psu.edu Conclusion Each of the three curves is essential in determining the stable equilibrium since both the aggregate demand curve and the short run aggregate supply variations are guided by the long run aggregate supply. It has been noted that all the variations in AD and AS occurs only in the short run. In the long run the equilibrium point holds. References Analystnotes.com. (2017). Equilibrium GDP and Prices. analystnotes.com. Retrieved 22 January 2017, from https://analystnotes.com/cfa-study-notes-equilibrium-gdp-and-prices.html Arnold, R. A. (2010). Macroeconomics. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning, South Western. Gwartney, J. D. (2009). Economics: Private and public choice. Australia: South-Western Cengage Learning. Latzko, D. (2016). Lecture 22: Macroeconomic Equilibrium. Personal.psu.edu. Retrieved 22 January 2017, from https://www.personal.psu.edu/~dxl31/econ4/Spring_2006/lecture22.html Saylordotorg.github.io. (2017). Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply. Saylordotorg.github.io. Retrieved 22 January 2017, from https://saylordotorg.github.io/text_principles-of-economics-v2.0/s25-aggregate-demand-and-aggregate.html Walstad, B., McConnell, R., Brue, L. (2008). Study guide for use with McConnell and Brue Macroeconomics. Boston: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

Business Report Power in Organizations

Question: Describe about the Business Report for Power in Organizations. Answer: Introduction The business report will include critical analysis of the two given journal article. The given journal is based on the view of power in a company. The first journal is given by Cameron Anderson and Sebastien Brio, second is by Amarjit Singh, third is by Fred C. Lunenburg and fourth by Marcus Goncalves. In the first article concentrates on the ideas that few people will get hold of the power in the long-time as well as some of them are incompetent for possessing the fact that will be incorporating political benefit. In the second article, it will be providing in-depth knowledge in the context of the power bases, which will be unconstructive for using the power. It will also be giving a review on the classical concepts of power. Critical Analysis Article 1: Perspectives on Power in Organizations by Cameron Anderson and Sebastien Brio: In the first article, the importance of power for individual functioning, it will be essential for understanding few people for acquiring power. It will not be occurring because few of the individuals will be retaining power, once it is attained, in the fall of lofty positions of the power. The article will be reviewing the conceptualizing the method of power which doubles the time and review the research which will be speaking on three distinct power of dynamics, which will be maintenance, loss, and acquisition of power. Some of the budding sets have been found out, which will help for reconciling the appearance of nature on conflict. One of the major analyses has been done on finding contradiction among power maintenance and loss. Further, analysis can be given on the behavioral approach system, which will be activated through power generation. As per the theory of power approach, it has been found that power has given rise in surging for utilizing in cognition and heuristic for automatic social. Power is also having an impact on the individual motivation, cognition and behavior, like it, will be easing in achieving the objective. Through the creation of interpersonal social distance, cognitive power effect has been seen. One of the initial responsibilities of leader for facilitating cooperation of power as well as the group success has increased. Further, it has been analyzed that it will be emphasizing on the importance of power as well as for giving an accurate description of the factor affecting the impact of power. Huge concentration has been given on the historical concept of power, which will be concentrating on the overall crisis and complexity of the organization. It has been further analyzed that need of power will also be appearing for varying the life span across the stage. Moreover, it has been analyzed that organization will be giving trait, which is associated with the skills of the program. The article analyzed the power of which will be divided into maintenance and loss of the organization. The analysis has been looking in the exogenous factor, which will be consisting attributions and justification of the system. The article has result related to the endogenous factor, which will be taking into account behavior, cognition and effect of physiology. Further, the loss of the project has been observed for covering the loss in the exogenous factor is considered by including the result in the environmental competition, intergroup characteristics and characteristics of an individual. Article 2 - Organizational Power in Perspective by Amarjit Singh: In the second article, there has been auditing and evaluation of the classical concepts in the power management literature and descriptive style of power. According to the findings, it has been analyzed that the company is putting a transparent focus on the utilization of optimum utilization of power. To make effective utilization and posses' power, managers need to utilize their skill which will be comprised of persuasive ability, competence, personality to facilitate others and reciprocal favors. Next, it has also been observed that there are three types of managers according to the use of power, which will be personal power manager, affiliate managers, and institutional managers. Further, form the arguments of the author it has been analyzed that every company has impact in the power dynamics because of the connected politics. When the employees at low-level will possess a specialization in the technical expertise for accessing the important information, which will be influencing the decision of senior managers. It is has been conceivable for the senior managers who will be giving threatening to the status. Thus, it will also be terminated for a flimsy excuse, for the sharp and qualifying employee. Moreover, in the role of efficacious the leader will be a good follower. By close observation, it has been noticed that it will be completely putting back the encouragement of the coercion for the general use. The original threat has to whistle-blow is conceivable for using a coercion power through low levels which will be at the high levels. The article will be reviewing the conceptualizing the method of power which doubles the time and review the research which will be speaking on three distinct power of dynamics, which will be maintenance, loss, and acquisition of power. Some of the budding sets have been found out, which will help for reconciling the appearance of nature on conflict. There has been wide concentration on the power base as well as it will be less focusing on the complexity of the organization. The managers had interacted with the subordinates in the upper management, for the interface personnel, outside forces and functional management for exerting power and exchanging that among the groups. Further is has been found that referring powers and experts have done large influence on the interactive groups, which will influence the subordinated of the formal power. Article 3: Power and Leadership: An Influence Process by Fred C. Lunenburg According to the given article, it has been analyzed that Power and leadership plays huge role in affecting the company. This article attempts in determining influence of a leader on the other leaders of the organization. Leadership in the organization will help is analyzing the situation more effectively. One of the major sources for implementing the leadership will be coercive power. The exercising power is occurring due to threat in the whistle. Further, from the authors arguments it has been analyzed every company has created an impact in the power dynamics because of the connected politics, which will be directly effecting the disciplines of the company. The article has greater conflict in the company or organization with disagreement, due to the highest requirement of the power. Further, it is has been analyzed that power has been regarded as management resource. Due to increasing use of formal power, there is curbing of motivation and creativity at the workplace. There is no influence on the coercion and reward for penalizing powers, which will be improved outside the organization. It has been further observed that there is no existence of tangible influence over the top management on the coercive power of the company. It has been further discovered that referent power has been interpreted as one of the major sources of influence. Article 4: Leadership Styles: The Power to Influence Others by Marcus Goncalves In the fourth article, it has analyzed that influence of power in the leadership will have huge impact on running the organization. Leadership will be having huge impact on discussion people with the culture. According to this article, it has been said that the company will have behavioral impact on the power of the management. When the employees at low-level will possess a specialization in the technical expertise for accessing the important information, which will be influencing the decision of senior managers. It is has been conceivable for the senior managers who will be giving threatening status. Thus, it will also be terminated for a flimsy excuse, for the sharp and qualifying employee. Moreover, in the role of being an efficacious leader, one needs to be a good follower. By close observation, it has been noticed that it will be putting back the encouragement of the coercion for the general use. The original threat has to whistle-blow which is conceivable for using a coercion power through low levels which will be at the high levels. The exercising power is occurring due to thereat in the whistle. Further, from the authors arguments it has been investigated that every company has an impact in the power dynamics because of the connected politics, which will be directly effecting the disciplines of the company. The article has greater conflict in the company or organization with disagreement, due to the highest requirement of the power. The organizational effect of power on the individual characteristics will have great impression. One of the major study has been done on finding contradiction among power maintenance and loss. Power is also having an impact on the individual motivation, cognition and behavior as it will likely provide ease in achieving the objective. Moreover, emphasizing on the importance of power has given an accurate description of the factor affecting the impact of power. Recommendation It is recommended that both the article is focusing on the characteristics of power. The second article should also include the concept of a behavioral approach. In the first article, it will be recommended that there has been huge evidence found in the context of coercion and authoritativeness. Power is also having an impact on the individual motivation, cognition and behavior, like it, will be easing in achieving the objective through the creation of interpersonal social distance, cognitive power effect. There has been wide concentration on the power base as well as it will be less focusing on the complexity of the organization. It has been further discovered that has been interpretation in the referent power, which is one of the major sources of influence and motivating the employees. Referent power has been granted as respectful status. Conclusion The first article concentrates on the ideas that few people will get hold of the power in the long-time as well as some of them are incompetent for possessing the fact that will be incorporating political benefit. Empirical research has been consistent with the status of characterizing the theory with an instance. The second article highlights in-depth knowledge in the context of the power bases, which will be unconstructive for using the power. It will also be giving a review on the classical concepts of power. In the third article attempts in determining influence of then leader on the organization as well as on the leaders of the organization. According to the given article, it has been analyzed that power and leadership plays huge role in the organization. In the fourth article, it has analyzed that influence of power in the leadership will have huge impact on running the organization. Leadership has huge impact on discussion people with the culture. Accordingly, it has been that company will have behavioral impact on the power of the management. Bibliography: Anderson, C. and Brion, S., 2014. Perspectives on power in organizations.Annu. Rev. Organ. Psychol. Organ. Behav.,1(1), pp.67-97. Borgatti, S.P., Mehra, A., Labianca, G.J. and Brass, D.J. eds., 2014.Contemporary perspectives on organizational social networks(Vol. 40). Emerald Group Publishing. Courpasson, D., Golsorkhi, D. and Sallaz, J.J., 2012. Rethinking power in organizations, institutions, and markets: Classical perspectives, current research, and the future agenda.Research in Sociology of Organizations,34, pp.1-20. Erden, Z., Schneider, A. and von Krogh, G., 2014. The multifaceted nature of social practices: A review of the perspectives on practice-based theory building about organizations.European Management Journal,32(5), pp.712-722. Flynn, F.J., Gruenfeld, D., Molm, L.D. and Polzer, J.T., 2012. Social psychological perspectives on power in organizations.Administrative Science Quarterly, p.0001839212440969. Geppert, M., Becker-Ritterspach, F. and Mudambi, R., 2013. New organizational perspectives on the study of politics and power in the multinational company.Organization Studies,34(5-6), pp.867-869. Goncalves, M., 2013. Leadership Styles: The Power to Influence Others.International Journal of Business and Social Science,4(4). Hatch, M.J. and Cunliffe, A.L., 2013.Organization theory: modern, symbolic and postmodern perspectives. Oxford university press. Lunenburg, F.C., 2012. Power and leadership: an influence process.International journal of management, business, and administration,15(1), pp.1-9. Scott, W.R. and Davis, G.F., 2015.Organizations and organizing: Rational, natural and open systems perspectives. Routledge. Singh, A., 2009. Organizational Power in Perspective. Leadership and Management in Engineering. Pp.12. Accessed on: 4th October, 2016. Accessed from: https://ascelibrary.org/doi/pdf/10.1061/(ASCE)LM.1943-5630.0000018 Toorn, J., Feinberg, M., Jost, J.T., Kay, A.C., Tyler, T.R., Willer, R. and Wilmuth, C., 2015. A sense of powerlessness fosters system justification: Implications for the legitimation of authority, hierarchy, and government.Political psychology,36(1), pp.93-110. Van Kleef, G.A., Homan, A.C., Finkenauer, C., Blaker, N.M. and Heerdink, M.W., 2012. Prosocial norm violations fuel power affordance.Journal of Experimental Social Psychology,48(4), pp.937-942. Vartanian, L.R. and Silverstein, K.M., 2013. Obesity as a status cue: Perceived social status and the stereotypes of obese individuals.Journal of Applied Social Psychology,43(S2), pp.E319-E328. Wodak, R., 2014. Perspectives from Critical Discourse Studies and the Discourse-Historical Approach.Language and Communication at Work: Discourse, Narrativity, and Organizing,4, p.39.